Genetic polymorphisms of vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] in Egyptian women with breast cancer

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] was considered to have an association with breast cancer because it regulates endothelial cell proliferation,migration and differentiation

Subjects and methods: One hundred and fifty two women with breast cancer were compared to 100 healthy control Egyptian women recruited from the same locality. VEGF gene polymorphisms were assessed using the PCR-RFLP analysis of DNA samples obtained from peripheral blood.SNP scanning was performed using MnII, BsmfI, CviAII, BsmfI, MnII restriction enzymes for VEGF1154 G/A, 634 G/C, 405 C/G, 936 C/T, 1612 G/A polymorphisms, respectively

Results: Breast cancer among Egyptian women was strongly associated with the mutations related to VEGF gene polymorphism as follows: VEGF 1154 G allele frequency was significantly higher than the A allele [P = 0.0007,O.R =2.4], VEGF 634 C allele frequency was significantly higher than the G allele [P = 0.012, O.R =0.62],VEGF 405 C Allele frequency was significantly higher than G Allele [P = 0.009, O.R =1.67], VEGF 936 C Allele frequency was significantly higher than the T Allele [P = 0.0057, O.R =1.72], VEGF 1612 G Allele frequency was significantly higher than A allele [P = 0.0148, O.R =1.62]. For VEGF 1154 GA: AA vs. GA+GG [Recessive] P = 0.10, O.R = 6.23, C.I [1.0-38.9], GA vs. AA+GG [over dominant] P= 0.01[*], O.R = 2.13, C.I [1.2-3.8], AA+GA vs. GG [dominant] P= 0.0015[*], O.R = 2.57, C.I [1.5-4.5]. For VEGF 634 GC: CC vs. GC+GG [Recessive] P= 0.1852, O.R = 0.64, C.I [0.4-1.2], GC vs. CC+GG [over dominant] P= 0.2669, O.R = 0.71, C.I [0.4-1.2], CC+GC vs. GG [dominant] P = 0.0002[**], O.R=0.05, C.I [0.0-0.2].For VEGF 405 CG: GG vs. CG+CC [Recessive] P= 0.0013[*], O.R = NA,C.I =NA, CG vs. GG+CC [over dominant] P= 0.877, O.R = 1.08, [0.6-1.9], GG+CG vs. CC [dominant] P = 0.0323[*], O.R=1.93,C.I [1.1-3.4].For VEGF 936 CT: TT vs. CT+CC [Recessive] P = 0.1833, O.R = 1.63, C.I [0.9-3.1], CT vs. TT+CC [over dominant] P = 0.1379, O.R = 1.55, C.I [0.9-2.6], TT+CT vs. CC[dominant] P = 0.0075[**], O.R=2.08, C.I [1.2-3.5]. For VEGF 1612 GA: AA vs. GA+GG [Recessive] P = 0.0000[**], O.R = NA, C.I = NA, GA vs. AA+GG [over dominant] P= 0.0002[**], O.R = 0.36, C.I [0.6-0.2], AA+GA vs. GG [dominant] P = 0.9541, O.R = 0.95, C.I [1.6-0.6]

Outcome after total mesorectal excision in the management of rectal experience of 150 patients

To assess oncological outcomes including local recurrence and cancer-specific survival as well as functional outcomes including urinary and sexual functions in 150 cases of rectal cancer underwent total mesorectal excision [TME]. Patients with mid or low rectal cancer underwent TME with preservation of autonomic pelvic plexus. Oncological and functional outcomes were prospectively recorded and analyzed. A total of 150 patients of middle and lower rectal cancer underwent either APR or LAR with total mesorectal excision and pelvic nerve preservation between 1997 and 2007 were collected. Anastmotic leak was the commonest complication [16.6%]. Isolated local pelvic recurrence was 10.6%.The 5-year overall survival and cancer-specific survival rale were 45% and 52% respectively. All patients could void urine spontaneously and no patient became incontinent or went on chronic retention requiring catheterization. Postoperative urodynamics revealed normal mean maximal urinary flow rate and voided volume in 90% of patients. Erection was possible in 93%; penetration ability was possible in 69 patients [80%]. Doppler US was normal on both sides in 80%. Advances in rectal cancer surgical techniques allows improving overall survival and quality of life through local control and preservation of sphincter, sexual and urinary function